Dunicot A cybersecurity consultancy and advisory firm.

Service 13 · Security training

Security training and awareness

Generic awareness training is forgotten within a fortnight because nothing in it was about the learner’s actual work. Training built from findings in your own systems is not forgotten, because everyone in the room recognises the code.

Overview

Where we have tested your systems, the training is built from what we found there. Developers work through the actual vulnerability classes present in their own codebase, exploit them in a lab, and then fix them, which is the sequence that makes the lesson stick, because the fix is meaningless until you have seen what it prevents.

Where no engagement exists, courses are built around your stack and sector rather than delivered from a generic catalogue. A Node and React team does not need a morning on buffer overflows, and a bank does not need the same threat examples as a marketplace.

Engagement at a glance

Formats
Half-day, full-day and multi-day; on site in Pakistan and the United States, or remote
Audiences
Developers, QA, DevOps, security champions, general staff, executives
Content
Built from findings in your own systems where an engagement exists
Delivery
Hands-on labs, not slide decks, participants exploit and then fix
Languages
English and Urdu
Evidence
Attendance records and assessment results for audit purposes

What is covered

Every item below is tested and recorded, so the report shows what held as clearly as what failed.

  • Secure coding for web and API developers
  • OWASP Top 10 and API Security Top 10, applied to your stack
  • Authentication and authorisation design
  • Multi-tenancy and data isolation patterns
  • Secure code review technique for reviewers
  • Threat modelling workshops
  • Cloud and infrastructure-as-code security
  • Mobile application security
  • Security champions programme design
  • Phishing and social engineering awareness
  • Incident reporting and escalation drills
  • Executive and board-level briefings

Test matrix

What is attempted in each class, and what it means when it works.

Security training and awareness: coverage by vulnerability class
ClassWhat is attemptedTypical impact
DevelopersHands-on labs exploiting then fixing the classes present in their own codeFewer of the same findings in the next engagement, which is the measurable outcome
ReviewersHow to read code for authorisation and tenancy gaps rather than for styleIssues caught in review instead of in production
ArchitectsThreat modelling on a real upcoming feature, not a fictional case studyDesign decisions that remove vulnerability classes entirely
General staffPhishing, pretexting and reporting, using lures aimed at your actual sectorFaster reporting, which matters more than fewer clicks
ExecutivesRisk framing, regulatory obligation and incident decision-makingDecisions that do not have to be made for the first time during an incident
ChampionsProgramme structure, escalation paths and ongoing enablementSecurity capability that scales without new headcount

What we commonly find

The team knew the rule, not the reason

Developers who can recite the mitigation but have never seen the attack apply it inconsistently, and inconsistently is the same as not at all.

Nobody had seen their own findings

Reports that reached a manager and never the engineers who wrote the code. The single cheapest improvement available to most organisations.

Reporting culture beats click rate

Organisations optimising for lower phishing click rates often have worse outcomes than those optimising for faster reporting. Someone always clicks; what matters is how quickly you hear about it.

Champions with no time allocated

A security champions programme where the role carries no protected hours is an org chart, not a capability.

How the engagement runs

Scoping and threat modelling

Map the asset, the attacker profile, and what “compromised” actually means for this business. Rules of engagement, testing windows, excluded techniques and an escalation contact are agreed in writing before anything is sent.

Reconnaissance and surface mapping

Enumerate everything reachable: subdomains from multiple passive sources, every endpoint referenced in JavaScript bundles, exposed services, third-party integrations, and the assets nobody remembers deploying. Coverage is recorded per host, so what was not tested is as visible as what was.

Manual exploitation

Authenticated testing from every role, with at least two accounts per role. Business logic, authorisation boundaries, injection, race conditions and state transitions, with each candidate reproduced live before it is written down. Automated tooling contributes coverage; it never contributes findings.

Verification and impact

Every finding is reproduced in a fresh session, isolated to the single parameter that causes it, and pushed to its maximum realistic impact. A finding that cannot survive a clean-room reproduction does not appear in the report.

Reporting and retest

The report is written twice over: once for the engineer who has to fix it, once for the auditor who has to file it. A walkthrough session follows, then a retest of every finding, closed only when re-exploitation fails.

What you receive

01

Executive summary

One page for the people who approve budget: what was tested, what was found, what it means in business terms.

02

Technical findings

Each finding with severity, CVSS, affected component, full request and response, reproduction steps and a working proof of concept.

03

Attack chains

Where findings combine, the chain is written out end to end, from first request to demonstrated impact.

04

Remediation guidance

A specific fix for your stack and framework, with the corrected pattern, not a link to a generic reference page.

05

Audit mapping

Findings mapped to SOC 2, ISO 27001, PCI DSS, HIPAA and OWASP ASVS as applicable, so the report drops straight into an audit pack.

06

Retest and attestation

Every finding retested in a clean session after remediation, with a signed attestation letter for customers and auditors.

When to run it

  • After a penetration test, so findings become capability rather than a ticket queue.
  • When onboarding a new engineering team or after significant hiring.
  • Annually, where an audit framework requires evidenced security awareness training.
  • Before a major architectural change, as a threat modelling workshop.

Questions

Can training be built from our own pentest findings?

Yes, and it is by far the most effective format. Developers work through the exact vulnerability classes found in their own code, in a lab built from it. Recognition does the teaching. There is no arguing with a finding in a file you wrote.

Do you deliver on site?

On site from Pakistan and the United States, and remote anywhere. Multi-day formats are usually better on site; single sessions work equally well remotely, and remote delivery removes the travel cost from the quote.

Do you provide evidence for our audit?

Attendance records, course outlines, and assessment results where an assessment is included, which is what ISO 27001 A.6.3 and SOC 2 expect to see for security awareness. It is produced as an audit artefact rather than something you have to assemble afterwards.

What languages do you teach in?

English and Urdu. Technical material is delivered in English by default since that matches the documentation and tooling, with discussion and Q&A in whichever language the room prefers.

How much does security training cost?

Pricing follows format, cohort size and whether the material is built from your own codebase and findings. Bespoke training built from your last engagement costs more than a standard course and is worth more, because engineers argue with generic examples and not with their own code.

Who is the training for?

Developers, security engineers and, where scoped, the wider staff. Developer training works from the vulnerability classes found in your code. Awareness training works from the lures your sector actually receives, not from stock examples about Nigerian princes.

Do you run hands-on labs?

Yes. Sessions are built around a deliberately vulnerable environment reflecting your stack, so engineers exploit the class before they are shown the fix. Recognition does the teaching; there is no arguing with a finding in a file you wrote.

How long are the sessions?

From a half-day briefing to a multi-day programme, scheduled around delivery rather than against it. Most teams get more from several short sessions spread across a quarter than from one long day nobody remembers by the next sprint.

Do you certify attendees?

Attendance records and a completion summary are provided for your audit file. We do not issue an industry certification, and we will not pretend a course is equivalent to one, because your auditor will check.

Scope a security training engagement

Send the target, the roles and the deadline. A fixed quote follows a short scoping call, and most engagements start within one to two weeks.